2003—2017年北京市肝癌发病与死亡情况分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的基于北京市户籍居民,分析2003—2017年北京市肝癌发病和死亡情况,为制定肝癌防治策略提供科学依据。
方法：根据北京市肿瘤登记处收集的2003—2017年肝癌发病和死亡数据,计算肝癌粗发病率、粗死亡率、中国人口标准化率（简称中标率）、世界人口结构标准化率（简称世标率）、0~74岁累积发病率及累积死亡率,以及肝癌发病/死亡世标率的年度变化百分比（annul percentage change,APC）等指标。
结果：2003—2017年北京市肝癌新发病例37 459例,粗发病率为19.92/10万,中标发病率为11.42/10万,世标发病率为11.29/10万,标化后男女发病比为3.07:1,城郊发病比为0.79:1。2003—2017年北京市肝癌死亡病例30 945例,粗死亡率为16.46/10万,中标死亡率为9.15/10万,世标死亡率为9.04/10万,标化后男女死亡比为3.09:1,城郊死亡比为0.77:1。肝癌发病率的APC为-2.33%（95%CI：-3.3%~-1.3%,P<0.001）,肝癌死亡率的APC为-1.53%（95%CI：-2.5%~-0.5%,P=0.005）。肝癌发病和死亡高峰年龄分别为80~84岁和85+岁。
结论：2003—2017年北京市肝癌发病率和死亡率呈现下降趋势,但仍高于全球平均水平,疾病负担不可忽视。肝癌发病率和死亡率总体呈现男性高于女性、郊区高于城区的特点。建议加强对中老年男性和郊区人群的防治。

关键词: 肝癌, 发病率, 死亡率, 北京市

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the incidence and mortality of liver cancer in Beijing from 2013 to 2017, to provide scientific strategy for liver cancer prevention and treatment.
Method: The data from Beijing cancer registry during 2003—2017 were collected and qualified to calculate the crude incidence and mortality rate, age-standardized rate, cumulative rate (0-74 years) and annual percentage change (APC).
Result: There were 37 459 cases diagnosed as liver cancer during 2003—2017 with a crude incidence rate of 19.92/105. The age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population (ASR China) in 2000 and world standard population (ASR World) of liver cancer were 11.42/105 and 11.29/105, respectively. The male to female incidence ratio of ASR world was 3.07:1. The incidence in urban areas was lower than that in rural area with a ratio of 0.79:1. The cases of liver cancer deaths were about 30 945, with a crude mortality rate of 16.46/105. The ASR China and ASR World mortality rate were 9.15/105 and 9.04/105. The male to female mortality ratio of ASR world was 3.09:1. The mortality in urban areas was lower than that in rural area with a ratio of 0.77:1. The APC of ASR World for incidence of liver cancer was -2.33% (95%CI: -3.3%--1.3%, P<0.001), the APC of ASR World for mortality of liver cancer was -1.53% (95%CI: -2.5%--0.5%, P=0.005). The incidence rate and the mortality rate peaked in the age group of 80-84 years and 85+ years, respectively.
Conclusion: The incidence and mortality rates of liver cancer in Beijing were decreasing in the past 15 years, the rates were still higher than the average level of world. The disease burden can not be ignored. The incidence and mortality rates of liver cancer in Beijing were higher for male than those in female, and higher in rural area than that in urban area, suggesting the prevention and treatment of liver cancer should continue to be strengthened in the middle-aged and elderly men and rural people.

Key words: Liver cancer, Incidence, Mortality, Beijing

程杨杨, 李慧超, 刘硕, 杨雷, 张希, 李晴雨, 李浩鑫, 王宁. 2003—2017年北京市肝癌发病与死亡情况分析[J]. 肝癌电子杂志, 2022, 9(3): 12-16.

Cheng Yangyang, Li Huichao, Liu Shuo, Yang Lei, Zhang Xi, Li Qingyu, Li Haoxin, Wang Ning. Incidence and mortality of liver cancer in Beijing, 2003—2017[J]. Electronic Journal of Liver Tumor, 2022, 9(3): 12-16.

参考文献

[1] SUNG H, FERLAY J, SIEGEL R L, et al.Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2021, 71(3): 209-249.
[2] 北京大学肿瘤医院. 2020北京肿瘤登记年报[M]. 北京: 北京大学医学出版社, 2020: 109-114.
[3] 刘硕, 王硕, 李慧超, 等. 2000—2017年北京市前列腺癌发病和死亡流行趋势及发病年龄变化特征分析[J]. 中国肿瘤, 2021, 30(7): 495-505.
[4] 国家癌症中心. 中国肿瘤登记工作指导手册(2016)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2016: 73-75.
[5] 安澜, 曾红梅, 郑荣寿, 等. 2015年中国肝癌流行情况分析[J]. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2019, 41(10): 721-727.
[6] 孙惠昕, 王婉莹, 张茂祥, 等. 黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区2015年肝癌发病与死亡分析[J/CD]. 肝癌电子杂志, 2020, 7(2): 12-15.
[7] 刘言玉, 瞿峰, 李道娟, 等. 2012—2016年河北省肿瘤登记地区肝癌发病和死亡流行情况分析[J]. 中国癌症防治杂志, 2021, 13(2): 143-149.
[8] 缪伟刚, 韩仁强, 罗鹏飞, 等. 2015年江苏省肝癌流行现状及2006—2015年变化趋势分析[J]. 中国肿瘤, 2021, 30(3): 211-217.
[9] 林永添, 马晶昱, 相智声, 等. 2017年福建省肿瘤登记地区肝癌发病和死亡分析[J]. 中国癌症防治杂志, 2021, 13(2): 159-163.
[10] 朱云芳, 陈杨, 朱林芳, 等. 2016年云南省肿瘤登记地区肝癌发病和死亡情况及2011—2016年变化趋势[J]. 实用肿瘤学杂志, 2021, 35(2): 97-102.
[11] MAUCORT-BOULCH D, DE MARTEL C, FRANCESCHI S, et al.Fraction and incidence of liver cancer attributable to hepatitis B and C viruses worldwide[J]. Int J Cancer, 2018, 142(12): 2471-2477.
[12] CHEN W, XIA C, ZHENG R, et al.Disparities by province, age, and sex in site-specific cancer burden attributable to 23 potentially modifiable risk factors in China: a comparative risk assessment[J]. Lancet Glob Health, 2019, 7(2): e257-e269.
[13] 马爱娟, 董忠, 李航, 等. 北京市2014年成年人吸烟及危害认知现况调查[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2016, 37(9): 1233-1237.
[14] 李亚茹, 王婧, 赵丽云, 等. 中国成年人饮酒习惯及影响因素[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2018, 39(7): 898-903.
[15] WANG M, WANG Y, FENG X, et al.Contribution of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus to liver cancer in China north areas: Experience of the Chinese National Cancer Center[J]. Int J Infect Dis, 2017, 65: 15-21.
[16] KIM T S, PAK J H, KIM J B, et al.Clonorchis sinensis, an oriental liver fluke, as a human biological agent of cholangio carcinoma: a brief review[J]. BMB Rep, 2016, 49(11): 590-597.
[17] PANG Y, KARTSONAKI C, TURNBULL I, et al.Diabetes, Plasma Glucose, and Incidence of Fatty Liver, Cirrhosis, and Liver Cancer: A Prospective Study of 0.5 Million People[J]. Hepatology, 2018, 68(4): 1308-1318.
[18] WANG Y, WANG B, YAN S, et al.Type 2 diabetes and gender differences in liver cancer by considering different confounding factors: a meta-analysis of cohort studies[J]. Ann Epidemiol, 2016, 26(11): 764-772.
[19] KANWAL F, KRAMER J R, MAPAKSHI S, et al.Risk of Hepatocellular Cancer in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease[J]. Gastroenterology, 2018, 155(6): 1828-1837.
[20] LONARDO A, NASCIMBENI F, BALLESTRI S, et al.Sex Differences in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: State of the Art and Identification of Research Gaps[J]. Hepatology, 2019, 70(4): 1457-1469.
[21] 王君, 刘秀梅. 中国人群黄曲霉毒素膳食暴露量评估[J]. 中国食品卫生杂志, 2007, 19(3): 238-240.
[22] 曾藓惠, 谢志春. 我国乙肝疫苗接种预防成就及面临的挑战[J]. 应用预防医学, 2018, 24(6): 496-498.